Fight against authoritarian’s
By RAJU PARULEKAR
Khela Hobe
Intro: In the 2021 assembly elections, Mamata Banerjee fearlessly confronted the ‘Modi Sarkar’ head-on, giving rise to the resounding slogan, ‘Khela Hobe’. Determined and unwavering, Mamata proclaimed her resolve to stand firm in the face of any adversity. ‘Amidst the ongoing battle, there remain valiant heroes who have yet to retreat’,‘indeed, the true game is on the verge of commencing’. These rallying cries encapsulate the essence of Mamata Banerjee’s indomitable spirit. Commencing her political journey in 1970 as a member of the Congress Party, Mamata Banerjee swiftly rose to national prominence in 1975 when she boldly mounted the car of esteemed socialist leader Jayaprakash Narayan, protesting against his policies. From 1976 to 1980, she served as the secretary of the state Mahila Congress, further solidifying her commitment to public service. In the 1984 Lok Sabha elections, she emerged triumphant over the veteran communist leader Somnath Chatterjee, securing a seat as one of the youngest Members of Parliament in the Lok Sabha. In 1997, she established her own political entity, the Trinamool Congress Party. Following a resounding victory over the Left in 2011, the Trinamool Congress Party assumed power in West Bengal. Mamata Banerjee has tactfully managed to manoeuvreher political game, exhibiting unwavering dedication and astuteness. This article endeavours to capture the essence of her remarkable persona.
Summarizing West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee’s extensive career in a single article is a daunting task due to the numerous battles and rebellions she has faced. The rich history of her struggles remains relatively unknown to many.
Mamata Banerjee’s entrance into the world of politics was devoid of any familial political legacy or a privileged upbringing. Born into a middle-class family, her early years were not marked by opulence or affluence. Tragedy struck her life with the untimely demise of her father when she was just 17 years old. At that moment, little could anyone foresee the latent leadership qualities and fierce determination that resided within her.
Her father’s unfortunate passing, attributed to a lack of timely medical care, thrust upon young Mamata the immense responsibility of caring for her siblings and her mother. However, it was during this tumultuous phase of her life that Mamata Banerjee’s indomitable spirit began to emerge.
Mamata Banerjee’s journey was far from ordinary. In her pursuit of education and personal growth, she attained a master’s degree in Islamic Studies, showcasing her intellectual acumen. Moreover, she holds a bachelor’s degree in education, which further underscores her commitment to knowledge and enlightenment.
In addition to her academic achievements, she also possesses a degree in law. Following her father’s demise, she admirably shouldered the mantle of raising her siblings and supporting her family through a combination of diligent work and unwavering commitment to her education.
Today, it might be surprising for many to fathom, but Mamata Didi, despite her reserved and introverted demeanour, exudes simplicity and unpretentiousness. Her distinctive attire, characterized by the white sari she elegantly adorns, and the unassuming slippers she chooses to wear, have become integral components of her persona, symbolizing her unswerving dedication to her roots and the people she serves.
Mamata Didi’s inclination towards politics was evident from her formative years. During her tenure at Jogmaya Devi College, at the tender age of fifteen or sixteen, she embarked on her political journey by establishing the student organization of Congress ChhatraParishad within her college’s precincts. Under Mamata’s astute leadership, this ChhatraParishad successfully triumphed over the established Democratic Chhatra Sangh of that era.
Her foray into politics as a student aligned her closely with the Congress party, marking the inception of her political career. Consequently, she evolved into a prominent figure within the ranks of the Congress party, a journey that spanned from her youthful days to her maturation as a seasoned politician.
In hindsight, it is indeed remarkable to contemplate how Mamata Banerjee compelled the formidable and pervasive Congress party to acknowledge her presence. In a period when the Leftist ideology held a firm grip over West Bengal, she fearlessly stood in opposition to the Communist Party, defying the prevailing political currents.
As a dynamic youth leader within the Congress ranks, Mamata Banerjee ascended to prominence, her trajectory propelled by her assertive and tenacious brand of politics. Her resolute nature was forged due to adverse situations during her formative years, marked by the untimely demise of her father. From that point onward, she became adept at confronting and surmounting challenges, to the extent that resilience became an intrinsic facet of her character and spirit.
What Mamata Banerjee achieved was nothing short of a formidable feat. The Congress party, by and large, has traditionally lacked militant leaders who are willing to engage in large-scale public demonstrations, street protests, and direct confrontations with political adversaries. She, too, conformed to this pattern initially.
However, it’s crucial to consider the political landscape in West Bengal at that time. The state had been marked by the Naxalite movement, followed by the unwavering stronghold of a Communist government that appeared impervious to relinquishing power. It remains an enigma what precisely motivated Mamata Banerjee to persist within the Congress fold and actively protest in such adverse circumstances.
One plausible source of inspiration could have been the influence of Indira Gandhi’s leadership—a formidable woman leader. Even during the turbulent period of the Emergency imposed by Indira Gandhi, Mamata staunchly supported the Congress party, going to the extent of taking to the streets to advocate for its cause. Following Indira Gandhi’s defeat, Mamata remained resolute in her allegiance, standing firmly by her side, and continuing her relentless battle against the Communist regime.
For the Congress to ascend to leadership positions both at the state and central levels was no small feat, but Mamata Banerjee accomplished this remarkable journey through her unwavering spirit and fierce determination.
Mamata Banerjee’s political trajectory has been marked by distinct phases. In addition to her electoral triumphs, she also secured ministerial positions within the Congress party. Notably, in 1991, she assumed the role of Union Minister for Women Child Development and Youth Affairs for the first time, a significant milestone in her career.
For most leaders, such a trajectory of success within a prominent party like the Congress would be a source of immense gratification and contentment. However, Mamata Banerjee’s aspirations transcended this conventional narrative. At the zenith of her career within the Congress, she chose to forge her own path by establishing the Trinamool Congress, a pivotal moment in her political journey.
In a bold assertion of political defiance, it’s evident to all observers how Mamata Banerjee has valiantly confronted three formidable adversaries in her political journey. Initially, she challenged the hegemony of the Congress, then fiercely opposed the doctrinaire rule of the Communist Party of Marxism (CPIM), and currently, she is locked in a tenacious struggle against the BJP. Her political trajectory saw her join forces with Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s NDA in 1999, during which she formed the Trinamool Congress and took up a ministerial position in Vajpayee’s cabinet. However, in a dramatic turn of events, Banerjee, once an ally in the Vajpayee-led NDA, now stands as a staunch opponent of the Modi-Shah-led NDA. Her opposition is primarily targeted at the leadership duo of Modi and Shah rather than the BJP. Unyieldingly, Mamata has managed to resist the Modi-Shah influence in West Bengal, steadfastly refusing to yield to any pressure or compromises with the central government, thus maintaining her stand against what she perceives as burgeoning fascism.
In an era when the Congress Party was a dominant force, Mamata Banerjee boldly severed ties with it, establishing her own independent political entity. Her move not only symbolized a profound shift but also proved strategically triumphant, as evidenced by the diminishing presence of the Congress in Bengal today. Similarly, Banerjee audaciously confronted the then-invincible Marxist Communist Party, ultimately emerging victorious in that political battlefield as well.
Amidst these feats, a particularly notable incident highlights Mamata Banerjee’s indomitable spirit. During her protest the then Chief Minister Jyoti Basu at the Writers’ Building – the administrative nerve centre of West Bengal – she was forcibly escorted out. In that moment of defiance, she made a public vow never to step foot in the Writers’ Building again until she was accorded the respect and honour due to her. This episode poignantly encapsulates Banerjee’s unwavering resolve and her journey from a protestor to a leader of stature.
Eighteen years following that defining moment of resilience, Mamata Banerjee triumphantly entered the Writers’ Building, not as a protestor, but as the Chief Minister of the Trinamool Congress, marking the complete political eclipse of the Communist Party in West Bengal. To this day, she continues to hold this esteemed office with unwavering determination.
Facing off against the formidable BharatiyaJanata Party (BJP) and its Modi-led government, bolstered by the might of institutions such as the ED, CBI, IT, and AIA, Mamata Banerjee has proven her political mettle not once, but twice in the past nine years during the Lok Sabha elections. On both occasions, her party has resoundingly defeated the BJP in West Bengal.
In her illustrious political journey, Banerjee has vanquished the forces of three powerful and ideologically distinct parties: the Congress, the Marxist Communist Party, and the BJP. Despite numerous attacks and challenges, her resolve has never faltered. She has stood with equal valor and unyielding courage against these formidable opponents, showcasing a rare blend of tenacity and political acumen in navigating the complex landscape of Indian politics.
Mamata Banerjee now stands as a pivotal figure in the opposition coalition ‘INDIA’, a robust alliance formed by 26 parties with the primary objective of countering the Modi government and its fascist tendencies. This grand alliance encompasses a spectrum of political entities, including the Congress, Nitish Kumar’s Samyukta Janata Dal (JDU), Lalu Prasad Yadav’s Rashtriya Janata Dal, along with numerous other significant parties across the nation.
In this formidable coalition, Mamata Banerjee emerges as a distinguished and indomitable leader, renowned for her invincibility and fearlessness. Her political acumen and leadership qualities position her as a potential frontrunner for the Prime Minister’s office, should the ‘INDIA’ alliance triumph. Furthermore, Banerjee’s capacity to secure an unprecedented number of Lok Sabha seats in West Bengal solidifies her standing as a powerful and influential figure within this strategic political union.
The Trinamool Congress, under the leadership of Mamata Banerjee, has demonstrated a commendable approach in revitalizing the stature of Parliament through the contributions of MPs like Mahua Moitra and Derek O’Brien. This step is a testament to Mamata Banerjee’s vision for effective governance.
Mamata Banerjee’s judicious selection of candidates for parliamentary roles underscores her commitment to integrity and excellence. The Trinamool Congress has distinguished itself in India for its discerning approach to appointing highly qualified individuals to the Rajya Sabha, prioritizing merit and suitability over mere political expediency.
A prime example of this is the nomination of Saket Gokhale, a Marathi-educated social activist renowned for his innovative approach to investigative journalism. His selection by Mamata Banerjee for the Rajya Sabha spotlights her keen eye for talent and her commitment to enhancing the quality of political discourse.
While the Congress party, which Mamata Banerjee holds in high regard, faces challenges in retaining its intellectual and combative members, Banerjee herself is successfully attracting a diverse array of scholars and fighters from across the nation, thereby enriching the political landscape with a wealth of expertise and vigour.
In the arena of the recent presidential elections, Mamata Banerjee, a paragon of steadfast resolve, astutely chose Yashwant Sinha as the opposition’s torchbearer. Her political odyssey, which includes her tenure with the NDA under the stewardship of Atal Bihari Vajpayee, is a testament to her unwavering adherence to her core principles and political integrity. Leaders of high esteem, from George Fernandes to Atal Bihari Vajpayee, have frequently sought her sage counsel, often visiting her humble abode in Bengal for enriching conversations.
Mamata Banerjee’s engagement in politics is not merely a career but a sacrosanct commitment, deeply etched in her ethos. Parallel to her political ventures, she possesses a deep-seated passion for the art. More than a stateswoman, Banerjee is an accomplished artist, whose paintings are a vivid testament to her artistic flair. This love for artistry has been an integral part of her life since her collegedays, manifesting in her leisurely pursuit of painting. Her artistic skill also shone in her formative years through her poster designs, creations so aesthetically pleasing and skilled that they are deserving of their own dedicated exhibition. In addition to her political and artistic pursuits, Mamata Banerjee harbours a deep affection for music, a discipline in which she is notably proficient, even capable of playing the piano herself. Her cultural reach extends beyond mere personal interest; she maintains personal connections with a range of actors, from the legendary Satyajit Ray to the contemporary icon Shahrukh Khan. This fusion of artistic vision and musical sensibility is emblematic of the rich cultural heritage of Bengal, a synthesis beautifully embodied in the life of Mamata Banerjee.
To the casual observer, Mamata might present an exterior that seems austere, unyielding, and somewhat enigmatic. This perception is partly attributed to her role as a diplomat and a tactful politician. However, a significant facet of her persona is defined by her graciousness and artistic sensibilities.
If there is one aspect of the Bharatiya Janata Party’s current governance at the Centre that Mamata Banerjee profoundly disdains and actively opposes, it is what she perceives as their unreflective complacency. Her critique is not just a political stance but also a reflection of her deep commitment to a more thoughtful, inclusive, and culturally rich society.
In contemporary times, as factions within the RSS and BJP endeavour to stoke the embers of division between Hindus and Muslims for political gain, a pervasive sense of vulnerability is understandably felt among Muslim and Christian communities across the nation. However, this sentiment of unease is notably absent in West Bengal. Mamata Banerjee, with her extensive background in Islamic studies and education, has delved deeply into these dynamics from a grassroots perspective. She possesses a profound understanding that India’s essence lies in its ‘Ganga-Jamani Tehzeeb’ — a rich tapestry of religious and sectarian inclusiveness that has long been the hallmark of the nation’s cultural ethos.
Numerous political commentators have critiqued Mamata Banerjee for her past collaboration with the NDA coalition government under Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s leadership. Yet, it is crucial to consider two pivotal aspects of this phase in her career. Firstly, the NDA alliance during this period was steered by BJP leaders of notable stature and civility, like Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Secondly, and more importantly, Mamata Banerjee’s tenure in the NDA government was marked by her unwavering commitment to her principles. Despite facing numerous political disagreements, she consistently demonstrated a willingness to forsake her ministerial position, and even resign, in defence of her beliefs. This steadfastness often led the government of the day to concede to her stances.
Throughout her political journey, Mamata Banerjee has consistently shown a fierce resistance to any form of authoritarianism, be it from the extreme left or the extreme right. This trait is not merely a footnote but a defining characteristic of her overarching political narrative, showcasing her as a figure of principled defiance and moral fortitude.
At this juncture in her life, now 68, Mamata Didi is engaged in a critical struggle, one that holds the keys to the future of Indian democracy and the republic itself. The Modi-led BJP government has subtly yet perceptibly steered the nation towards a form of unspoken dictatorship. In this climate, the independence of various national institutions and the media appears compromised, seemingly swaying to the directives of Modi’s administration.
Amidst this challenging scenario, Mamata Didi has emerged as a vanguard among a select group of leaders who have consistently opposed this tide from its onset. Her stance is not merely a political opposition but a momentous stand at a pivotal and unexpected crossroads in history, with implications that extend far beyond her personal narrative and resonate deeply with the future trajectory of the country.
West Bengal boasts a rich legacy of reformism, paralleled by its role as a bastion of spiritual vitality. This unique confluence of progressivism and spirituality is vividly reflected in Mamata Banerjee’s character. She has been steadfast in preventing any form of religious dogmatism from permeating public life in Bengal. Whether in her personal conduct or in the formulation of political strategies, her approach has consistently been grounded in rational and scientific principles.
Simultaneously, like many of her Bengali compatriots, Mamata Banerjee has nurtured a lifelong devotion to Kalimata since her childhood. Additionally, she possesses a keen interest and is profoundly influenced by the realms of the supernatural and mysticism. Notably, as a politician, she has managed to maintain these spiritual aspects of her life with utmost privacy.
Embodying the ethos of an enlightened Bengali, she has neither commodified her personal spiritual inclinations and beliefs for public consumption in her political life nor has she leveraged them as a tool to canvass votes. Her approach exemplifies a sophisticated balance between her deep spiritual roots and a commitment to maintaining the secular and scientific fabric of her public and political persona.
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), a formidable adversary of Mamata Didi, is emerging as an indomitable force in the political arena. The crux of their seemingly invincible strategy lies in the astute utilization of religious sentiment as a political tool. However, it is noteworthy that this very instrument of influence rests securely within Mamata Didi’s grasp, though she chooses not to wield it in the political battlefield. Despite being steeped in the traditions and ethos of Hinduism, she refrains from public declarations of her faith. Her personal spiritual practices, her devotion to Kalimata, and her intrigue with the mystical realms remain confined within the sanctity of her private life, never spilling over into her public persona or political rhetoric.
A defining attribute of Mamata Banerjee’s political tenure is her unwavering commitment to a life of simplicity. Amidst the allure of immense power and a vast populace at her behest, she has consciously chosen not to indulge in creating a luxurious personal realm. Her life remains untouched by the seductions of material pleasures, a testament to her belief that her duties are, above all, to her party and subsequently to the society she serves. In an era where principles are often overshadowed by the allure of wealth and power, the rarity of a political figure like Mamata Banerjee cannot be overstated. Her approach, seemingly unattainable to many, stands in stark contrast to the opulence often embraced by contemporary politicians. In this context, Mamata Banerjee emerges as a luminous presence, her integrity and austerity casting a brilliant, lightning-like glow in the political firmament.
Human beings, inherently imperfect, find their reflections in leaders like Mamata Didi, who, despite her many strengths, also grapples with certain flaws that impact her role in community leadership. She is known for her unwavering stance, rarely retracting a challenge once issued. While her skills as an orator are commendable, she does not possess the same level of humour as Laluji, which might affect her appeal in certain circles. These traits cast a shadow of doubt on her ability to effectively unify the coalition of 26 parties.
Yet, transcending these limitations are two pivotal elements that anchor her in this political front. Firstly, her staunch opposition to extreme right-wing authoritarianism, and secondly, her longstanding association with Congress leader Sonia Gandhi. Mamata Banerjee has devoted the prime years of her career to the Congress party. Notably, it was she who foresaw the leadership potential in Sonia Gandhi, advocating for her presidency in the Congress party even before it became a reality.
In the intricate tapestry of Indian politics, Narasimha Rao ascended to the presidency of the Congress, a role many had envisioned for Sonia Gandhi. During Rao’s tenure, Mamata Didi held a ministerial position in his cabinet. In a remarkable display of political acumen, when the Congress, despite being in opposition, nominated Pranab Mukherjee for the presidential candidacy, Mamata Banerjee, transcending her past disagreements, lent her unequivocal support to the veteran leader. This act exemplifies her as a repository of paradoxical attributes, a dynamic amalgamation not commonly seen in regional political entities, making her a unique and magnetic force in the landscape of anti-interdependence politics.
Looking to the horizon, the trajectory of India’s future hinges significantly on how Mamata Banerjee aligns with Congress leader Rahul Gandhi, whose temperament mirrors her own. History often remembers the solitary figures, those driven by a focused purpose. Mamata Banerjee, with her multifaceted talents and a fiercely ingrained resolve, stands as such a figure, poised to carve her unique imprint on the annals of time.
India stands at a pivotal juncture in its history, a moment that Mamata Banerjee faces with unwavering resolve, not one to retreat in the face of defeat. As we approach 2024, the question that looms large is whether she will continue her established path at this critical crossroads, evolve by making necessary personal adjustments, and permit the revolutionary tide she has set in motion to surge forward.
Raju Parulekar
-raju.parulekar@gmail.com
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